On this page you can find guides and key publications that relate to implementation science in the context of non-communicable disease programmes for low- and middle-income settings and vulnerable populations in high-income setting. Where available, we have noted resources available in multiple languages.
“We do not guarantee that everything will go as we had previously planned, for obvious reasons. But using theoretical implementation models helps the professional to explain why a particular innovation/implementation went as planned or why it did not take place in accordance with it.”
Introduction to Implementation Science for Health Professionals
Bomfim, R. A., De-Carli, A. D., Cascaes, A. M., Buccini, G., Probst, L. F., & Frazão, P. (2021). Introdução à ciência de implementação para profissionais da saúde.
This book aims to help health professionals to better implement established scientific evidence for the benefit of population health. It is estimated that the average time for scientific evidence to be routinely used in clinical practice is around 15 years. One of the goals of this work is to shorten this time.
Implementation Research in Health: A Practical Guide.
Peters, D. H., Tran, N. T., & Adam, T. (2013). Implementation research in health: a practical guide. World Health Organization.
A Guide to Implementation Research in the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases.
World Health Organization. (2016). A guide to implementation research in the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organization. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Implementation Science Overview
Breda J. et al. (2019) One size does not fit all: implementation of interventions for non-communicable diseases BMJ. 367:l6434
Theory at a Glance, A guide for for health promotion practice, National Cancer Institute. Available here
Bauer M. et al. (2015). An introduction to implementation science for the non-specialist. BMC Psychology. 16(3):32.
Proctor, EK. et al. (2012). Writing implementation research grant proposals: 10 key ingredients. Implementation Science. 7:96.
Glasgow R, et al. (2012). National Institutes of Health Approaches to Dissemination and Implementation Science: Current and Future Directions. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7): 1274-1281.
Tinkle M. et al. (2013). Dissemination and Implementation Research Funded by the US National Institutes of Health, 2005-2012. Nursing Research and Practice, 2013: Article ID 909606.
Brownson RC, Colditz GA, Proctor EK. (2018). Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice (2nd ed). New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
Straus S, Tetroe J, Graham I. (2013). Knowledge Translation in Health Care: Moving from Evidence to Practice. Wiley-Blackwell.
Peters David H, Adam Taghreed, Alonge Olakunle, Agyepong Irene Akua, Tran Nhan. Implementation research: what it is and how to do it BMJ 2013; 347 :f6753
World Health Organization. (2019). Strengthening capacity for noncommunicable disease implementation research in the WHO European Region. Available here.
Fidelity and Adaptation
Gonzales Castro F, Yasui M. (2017). Advances in EBI Development for Diverse Populations: Towards a Science of Intervention Adaption. Prevention Science, 18:623-629.
Allen J, Shelton R, Emmons K, Linnan L. (2018). Fidelity and Its Relationship to Implementation Effectiveness, Adaptation, and Dissemination (Chapter 16). Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice. New York; Oxford University Press.
Baumann A, Cabassa L, Wiltsey-Stirman S. (2018) Adaptation in Dissemination and Implementations Science (Chapter 17). Brownson R et al. Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice. New York; Oxford University Press.
Rabin BA, McCreight M, Battaglia C, et al. (2018). Systematic, Multimethod Assessment of Adaptations Across Four Diverse Health Systems Interventions. Frontiers in Public Health, 6:102.
Stirman SW, Miller CJ, Toder K, Calloway C. (2013). Development of a framework and coding system for modifications and adaptations of evidence-based interventions. Implementation Science, 2013(8). 10.1186/1748-5908-8-65
Gonzales N. (2017). Expanding the Cultural Adaptation Framework for Population-Level Impact. Prevention Science, 18(6) 689-693.
Models, Theories, and Frameworks
Tabak R. et al. (2013). Models in dissemination and implementation research: useful tools in public health services and systems research. Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research, 2:1.
Nilsen P. (2015). Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks. Implementation Science, 10:53.
Damschroder L, et al. (2009). Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implementation Science, 4:50.
Aarons G, et al. (2014). Mixed-methods study of a conceptual model of evidence-based intervention sustainment across multiple public-sector service settings. Implementation Science, 9:183.
Glasgow R. et al. (1999). Evaluating the Public Health Impact of Health Promotion Interventions: The RE-AIM Framework. American Journal of Public Health, 89:9.
Measurement and Evaluation
Saunders RP, Evans MH, Joshi P. Developing a process-evaluation plan for assessing health promotion program implementation: a how-to guide. Health Promot Pract. 2005 Apr;6(2):134-47.
Skivington K, Matthews L, Simpson SA, Craig P, Baird J, Blazeby JM, Boyd KA, Craig N, French DP, Mcintosh E, Petticrew M, Rycroft-Malone J, White M and Moore L (2021) ;A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance;, BMJ.
Glasgow RE, Harden SM, Gaglio B, Rabin B, Smith ML, Porter GC, Ory MG and Estabrooks PA (2019) ‘RE-AIM Planning and Evaluation Framework: Adapting to New Science and Practice With a 20-Year Review’, Frontiers in Public Health.
Lewis A, Procotr EK, Brownson R. (2018). Measurement Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research (Chapter 14). Brownson R. et al. Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.
Proctor E, et al. (2011). Outcomes for Implementation Research: Conceptual Distinctions, Measurement Challenges, and Research Agenda. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 38:65-76.
Chaudoir SR, and Dugan AG. (2011). Dissemination and implementation measurement compendium: A systematic review of structural, organizational, provider, patient, and innovation level measures. Report submitted to Connecticut Institute for Clinical and Translational Science; Center for Health, Intervention, and Prevention; University of Connecticut.
Rabin B, et al. (2016). Measurement resources for dissemination and implementation research in health. Implementation Science, 11:42.
Martinez R, Lewis C, Weiner B. (2014). Instrumentation issues in implementation science. Implementation Science, 9:118
Proctor, E., Silmere, H., Raghavan, R., Hovmand, P., Aarons, G., Bunger, A., Griffey, R., & Hensley, M. (2011). Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Administration and policy in mental health, 38(2), 65–76
Research Design
Brown, CH, et al. (2017). An overview of research and evaluation designs for dissemination and implementation. Annual Review of Public Health, 38:1-22.
Curran G, et al. (2012). Effectiveness- implementation Hybrid Designs: Combining Elements of Clinical Effectives and Implementation Research to Enhance Public Health Impact. Medical Care, 50(3): 217-226.
Creswell JW, Klassen AC, Plano Clark VL, and Smith KC for the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research. Best practices for mixed methods research in the health sciences. (2011). National Institutes of Health.
Palinkas L, et al. (2011). Mixed Method Designs in Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 38:44-53.
Implementation Strategies
Brown, CH, et al. (2017). An overview of research and evaluation designs for dissemination and implementation. Annual Review of Public Health, 38:1-22.
Curran G, et al. (2012). Effectiveness- implementation Hybrid Designs: Combining Elements of Clinical Effectives and Implementation Research to Enhance Public Health Impact. Medical Care, 50(3): 217-226.
Creswell JW, Klassen AC, Plano Clark VL, and Smith KC for the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research. Best practices for mixed methods research in the health sciences. (2011). National Institutes of Health.
Palinkas L, et al. (2011). Mixed Method Designs in Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 38:44-53.
Dissemination
Ross-Hellauer, T., Tennant, J. P., Banelytė, V., Gorogh, E., Luzi, D., Kraker, P., … & Vignoli, M. (2020). Ten simple rules for innovative dissemination of research.
Darnell et al. (2017). A content analysis of dissemination and implementation science resource initiatives: what types of resources do they offer to advance the field? Implementation Science, 12(137).
Sustainability and Scale-Up
World Health Organisation and ExpandNet (2010): Nine steps for developing a scaling-up strategy.
Chambers et al. (2013). The dynamic sustainability framework: addressing the paradox of sustainment amid ongoing change. Implementation Science, 8(117).
De-adoption/De-implementation
Niven et al. (2015). Towards understanding the de-adoption of low-value clinical practices: a scoping review. BMC Medicine, 13(255).
Norton et al. (2017). Studying de-implementation in health: an analysis of funded research grants. Implementation Science, 12(144).
Brownson et al. (2015). Understanding Mis-implementation in Public Health Practice. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 48(5): 543-551.
Wang et al. (2018). Working smarter not harder: Coupling implementation to de-implementation. Healthcare, 6(2):104-107.PD De-implementation and implementation
Grantsmanship Articles
Brownson et al. (2015). Concocting that Magic Elixir: Successful Grant Application Writing in Dissemination and Implementation Research. Clinical and Translational Science, 8(6):710-716.
Pinnock et al. (2017). Standards for Reporting Implementation Studies (StaRI) Statement. BMJ, 356(9).
Wilson et al. (2017). Enhancing the reporting of implementation research. Implementation Science, 12(13):1-9.
Crable et al. (2018). Standardizing an approach to the evaluation of implementation science proposals. Implementation Science, 13(71).
Proctor, E.K., Powell, B.J., Baumann, A.A. et al. Writing implementation research grant proposals: ten key ingredients. Implementation Sci 7, 96 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-7-96
A list of peer-reviewed research articles published by GACD research teams can be found here.
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